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Deterrence
As a concept, deterrence has launched a thousand books and articles.It has dominated Western strategic thinking for more than four decades.In this important and groundbreaking new book, Lawrence Freedman develops a distinctive approach to the evaluation of deterrence as both a state of mind and a strategic option.This approach is applied to post-cold war crisis management, and the utility and relevance of the concept is addressed in relation to US strategic practice post-9/11, particularly in the light of the apparent preference of the Bush Administration for the alternative concept of pre-emption.The study of deterrence has been hampered by the weight of the intellectual baggage accumulated since the end of the Second World War.Exaggerated notions of what deterrence might achieve were developed, only to be to knocked down by academic critique.In this book, Freedman charts the evolution of the contemporary concept of deterrence, and discusses whether - and how - it still has relevance in today's world.He considers constructivist as well as realist approaches and draws on criminological as well as strategic studies literature to develop a concept of a norms-based, as opposed to an interest-based, deterrence.This book will be essential reading for students of politics and international relations as well as all those interested in contemporary strategic thought.
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China's Strategic Deterrence
A well researched attempt to analyse the fast-paced progress made by China and its People’s Liberation Army (PLA) in the military-cum-geo-political landscape.President Xi Jinping’s ambitious dream for Chinese rejuvenation is to lead the world in Comprehensive National Power by 2049.The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has its core interests and is not ready to compromise.They are, therefore, advancing them on all fronts while simultaneously avoiding war.This book reveals the contours of this policy, identifies the key stratagems of the Chinese Grand Strategy, its implications and key deterrence facilitators. The PLA, ordered repeatedly to be loyal to the CCP, has accordingly established a nearly impregnable multi-domain wall to deter China’s adversaries, particularly America, India and Japan.The resource-hungry nation has exploited its vast industrial base and exploited its fast-expanding Diaspora.The Chinese government has channelized its scientific talent in conjunction with secret technology transfers and espionage to lead technology development, especially in the fields of Artificial Intelligence, Quantum, Robotics, Blockchain, Hypersonic and Big Data Analytics. This book is a comprehensive compendium of the key measures initiated by the CCP and President Xi to revive Han supremacy the world over.It brilliantly covers the PLA’s march from ‘Mechanisation’ to ‘Informationisation’ to ‘Intelligentisation’ It covers the major aspects of all possible Chinese domains of warfare and uncovers the Chinese secret methodology to rapidly expand her global sphere of influence. It is an essential book for all China-watchers, military strategists, advanced technology-gazers and those who actually want to stand up to Chinese hegemony and rising ambitions.
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The Fragile Balance of Terror : Deterrence in the New Nuclear Age
In The Fragile Balance of Terror, the foremost experts on nuclear policy and strategy offer insight into an era rife with more nuclear powers.Some of these new powers suffer domestic instability, others are led by pathological personalist dictators, and many are situated in highly unstable regions of the world—a volatile mix of variables. The increasing fragility of deterrence in the twenty-first century is created by a confluence of forces: military technologies that create vulnerable arsenals, a novel information ecosystem that rapidly transmits both information and misinformation, nuclear rivalries that include three or more nuclear powers, and dictatorial decision making that encourages rash choices.The nuclear threats posed by India, Pakistan, Iran, and North Korea are thus fraught with danger. The Fragile Balance of Terror, edited by Vipin Narang and Scott D.Sagan, brings together a diverse collection of rigorous and creative scholars who analyze how the nuclear landscape is changing for the worse.Scholars, pundits, and policymakers who think that the spread of nuclear weapons can create stable forms of nuclear deterrence in the future will be forced to think again. Contributors: Giles David Arceneaux, Mark S. Bell, Christopher Clary, Peter D. Feaver, Jeffrey Lewis, Rose McDermott, Nicholas L. Miller, Vipin Narang, Ankit Panda, Scott D. Sagan, Caitlin Talmadge, Heather Williams, Amy Zegart
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Deterrence in an Era of Iranian Nuclear Proliferation
The Iranian nuclear saga has been of grave concern to the international community, namely the West and Israel, since news broke in 2002 that Tehran clandestinely operated two nuclear facilities in Natanz and Arak.The Islamic Republic of Iran claims that it is exercising its inalienable right under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty; however, the West and Israel distrust Iran's motives and believe that Tehran is seeking to develop nuclear weapons. Iran's nuclear program and bellicose negotiating strategy has triggered concern among the West and Israel, prompting the question as to whether their cause for concern is warranted.This concern is examined in Deterrence in an Era of Iranian Nuclear Proliferation by assessing the theories of nuclear deterrence and applying them in a 2008-2009 Iranian context to determine whether nuclear deterrence failures would arise should Iran acquire nuclear weaponry.
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Is there a timer for mindfulness training, meditation, yoga, and spirituality?
There is no set timer for mindfulness training, meditation, yoga, and spirituality as it varies from person to person. Some people may find it helpful to start with short sessions, such as 5-10 minutes, and gradually increase the duration as they become more comfortable. Others may prefer longer sessions right from the start. It's important to listen to your body and mind and find a timing that works best for you. The key is to be consistent and make it a regular practice in your daily routine.
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What would be more important in criminal offenses: deterrence or rehabilitation?
The importance of deterrence versus rehabilitation in criminal offenses depends on the specific circumstances and goals of the justice system. Deterrence focuses on preventing future crimes by imposing harsh penalties to dissuade potential offenders, while rehabilitation aims to address the root causes of criminal behavior and help individuals reintegrate into society. Both approaches have their merits, but a balanced approach that considers the individual's circumstances and the nature of the offense may be the most effective. Ultimately, a combination of deterrence and rehabilitation may be necessary to address the complex issues surrounding criminal behavior.
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What are meditation and mindfulness?
Meditation is a practice that involves focusing the mind on a particular object, thought, or activity to train attention and awareness, and achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm state. Mindfulness is a type of meditation that involves paying attention to the present moment without judgment. It involves being fully aware of your thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations, and surrounding environment. Both meditation and mindfulness have been shown to have numerous benefits for mental and physical well-being, including reducing stress, improving focus, and enhancing overall quality of life.
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What was the role of nuclear deterrence during the Cuban Missile Crisis?
During the Cuban Missile Crisis, nuclear deterrence played a crucial role in preventing the outbreak of a nuclear war. The United States and the Soviet Union both possessed significant nuclear arsenals, and the threat of mutual destruction served as a deterrent to either side launching a first strike. This concept of mutually assured destruction helped to prevent either side from escalating the conflict to a nuclear level. The fear of the catastrophic consequences of a nuclear war ultimately led to a negotiated resolution of the crisis.
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Deterrence, Diplomacy and the Risk of Conflict Over Taiwan
Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine confirmed that revived great-power competition has heightened the prospect of global conflict, while restoring the concept of deterrence to centre stage.The stakes in a conflict in East Asia, however, would be even higher than those in Ukraine.A war over Taiwan could bring the United States and China, the world’s two greatest powers, into a direct military conflict which would represent a contest for regional or global leadership and would be likely to draw other powers into the fight.Such a war – in which the nuclear question would be ever-present – can currently be described as ‘possible, avoidable, but potentially catastrophic’. In this Adelphi book, Bill Emmott evaluates the diplomatic and deterrence strategies that countries in and outside the Indo-Pacific region are using to try to reduce the risk of that conflict occurring.This book examines these strategies in the light of the lessons of the Ukraine war and identifies yardsticks with which to gauge their potential effectiveness and sustainability.Our goal, Emmott argues, must be for all sides to regard such a US–China conflict as ‘inevitably catastrophic and therefore inconceivable’.
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Influence without Arms : The New Logic of Nuclear Deterrence
How does nuclear technology influence international relations?While many books focus on countries armed with nuclear weapons, this volume puts the spotlight on those that have the technology to build nuclear bombs but choose not to.These weapons-capable countries, such as Brazil, Germany, and Japan, have what is known as nuclear latency, and they shape world politics in important ways.Offering a definitive account of nuclear latency, Matthew Fuhrmann navigates a critical yet poorly understood issue.He identifies global trends, explains why countries obtain nuclear latency, and analyzes its consequences for international security.Influence Without Arms presents new statistical and case evidence that nuclear latency enhances deterrence and provides greater influence but also triggers conflict and arms races.The book offers a framework to explain when nuclear latency increases security and when it incites instability, and generates far-reaching implications for deterrence, nuclear proliferation, arms races, preventive war, and disarmament.
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Deterrence, Coercion, and Appeasement : British Grand Strategy, 1919-1940
Deterrence, Coercion, and Appeasement presents a compelling and original survey of British grand strategy in the inter-war period.Whereas most existing accounts privilege either diplomacy and foreign affairs, intelligence, or military affairs more narrowly, this study underlines the inexorable relationships between foreign policy, grand strategy, military force, intelligence, finance and not least, domestic politics and public opinion.Britain was the world's only global power in the inter-war period, and it confronted problems on a global scale.Policy-makers sought two goals: peace with security.They did so successfully in the 1920s, partly due to favourable circumstances that made their task relatively easy, and partly because they understood the strengths and limitations of British power and knew how to wield them.The situation deteriorated rapidly in the 1930s, however, as the international system became increasingly unfavourable to Britain.Policy-makers proved less adept than their predecessors at meeting these new challenges, partly because those challenges were more formidable, but also because they lacked the self-confidence of their predecessors, who had held high office during the most difficult years of the First World War and who lacked their understanding of how to wield the lever of international power.The study ends by providing a new and more sophisticated account of how and why Neville Chamberlain appeased the fascist powers in the late 1930s, and why Winston Churchill opposed him and eventually supplanted him in May 1940.
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Meditation on Perception : Ten Healing Practices to Cultivate Mindfulness
Price: 12.99 £ | Shipping*: 3.99 £
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Is loving-kindness meditation sufficient instead of mindfulness meditation?
Loving-kindness meditation and mindfulness meditation serve different purposes and can complement each other. While mindfulness meditation focuses on being present and aware of one's thoughts and feelings without judgment, loving-kindness meditation cultivates feelings of compassion and goodwill towards oneself and others. Both practices can be beneficial for overall well-being, and individuals may choose to incorporate both into their meditation routine for a more holistic approach to mental and emotional health. Ultimately, the effectiveness of each practice depends on the individual's specific needs and goals.
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What is the difference between mantra meditation and mindfulness meditation?
Mantra meditation involves focusing on a specific word, phrase, or sound to quiet the mind and cultivate a sense of inner peace. This repetition helps to anchor the mind and prevent distractions. On the other hand, mindfulness meditation involves being fully present in the moment, observing thoughts, feelings, and sensations without judgment. It emphasizes awareness of the present moment and acceptance of whatever arises. Both practices can help reduce stress and improve overall well-being, but they differ in their specific techniques and focuses.
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Can mindfulness meditation also have no benefit?
While mindfulness meditation has been shown to have numerous benefits for mental and physical well-being, it is possible that it may not have a positive impact on everyone. Some individuals may not find mindfulness meditation helpful due to personal preferences, lack of consistency in practice, or underlying mental health conditions that require additional support. It is important to recognize that mindfulness meditation is not a one-size-fits-all solution and that different practices or therapies may be more effective for some individuals.
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Do you have experience with mindfulness meditation?
As an AI, I do not have personal experiences or consciousness to practice mindfulness meditation. However, I have been programmed with knowledge about mindfulness meditation and its benefits. If you have any questions or need guidance on mindfulness meditation techniques, feel free to ask!
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